Engineering aspects of sodium-ion battery: An alternative energy device for Lithium-ion batteries

This comprehensive review delves into the topic of engineering challenges and innovative solutions surrounding sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) in the field of sustainable energy storage. As the human population increasingly demands dependable energy storage systems (ESS) to Incorporate intermittent sources of renewable energy into the electrical grid, the limitations and concerns surrounding lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have catalyzed exploration into alternative technologies. SIBs emerge as promising contenders due to the abundance of sodium, low cost, and high safety, offering a viable option for various applications. While sharing operational principles with LIBs, SIBs present distinctive engineering challenges stemming from the larger size of sodium ions. This review meticulously examines the engineering aspects influencing the electrode of SIBs, flexible design of SIBs, thermal management strategies, cell design optimization, and cost analysis, providing valuable insights into their potential as sustainable energy storage solutions. By addressing engineering considerations underlying the development and optimization of SIB technology, the review also explores innovative approaches and emerging technologies aimed at overcoming these challenges, thereby facilitating the practical implementation of SIBs across diverse applications. Given the urgency of transitioning to more sustainable energy storage solutions to combat climate change and achieve Sustainable Development Goals, this comprehensive examination of engineering aspects of SIB technology adds significant insights. It underscores the pivotal role of engineering in advancing SIBs as sustainable energy storage solutions.