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Investigation of 3D vessel reconstruction under Doppler imaging with phantoms: Towards reconstruction of the Circle of Willis

威利斯圆 经颅多普勒 成像体模 多普勒效应 三维超声 医学 血流 图像分辨率 生物医学工程 超声波 计算机科学 人工智能 核医学 放射科 物理 天文
作者
Shuai Li,Queenie Tsung Kwan Shea,Yan To Ling,Yong‐Ping Zheng
出处
期刊:Ultrasonics [Elsevier]
卷期号:141: 107332-107332 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ultras.2024.107332
摘要

Stroke is the second leading cause of death across the globe. Early screening and risk detection could provide early intervention and possibly prevent its incidence. Imaging modalities, including 1D-Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (1D-TCD) or Transcranial Color-code sonography (TCCS), could only provide low spatial resolution or 2D image information, respectively. Notably, 3D imaging modalities including CT have high radiation exposure, whereas MRI is expensive and cannot be adopted in patients with implanted devices. This study proposes an alternative imaging solution for reconstructing 3D Doppler ultrasound geared towards providing a screening tool for the 3D vessel structure of the brain. The system comprises an ultrasound phased array attached to a servo motor, which can rotate 180˚ at a speed of 2˚/s. We extracted the color Doppler ROI from the image before reconstructing it into a 3D view using a customized pixel-based algorithm. Different vascular diameters, flow velocity, and depth were tested using a vascular phantom with a pumped flow to confirm the system for imaging blood flow. These variables were set to mimic the vessel diameter, flow speed, and depth of the Circle of Willis (CoW) during a transcranial screening. The lower values of absolute error and ratio were found in the larger vascular channels, and vessel diameter overrepresentation was observed. Under different flow velocities, such diameter overrepresentation in the reconstructed flow did not change much; however, it did change with different depths. Meanwhile, the setting of the velocity scale and the color gain affected the dimension of reconstructed objectives. Moreover, we presented a 3D image of CoW from a subject to demonstrate its potential. The findings of this work can provide a good reference for further studies on the reconstruction of the CoW or other blood vessels using Doppler imaging.
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