Modelling of an integrated process for atmospheric carbon dioxide capture and methanation

甲烷化 二氧化碳 碳捕获和储存(时间表) 甲烷 碳纤维 化学 环境科学 废物管理 化学工程 材料科学 环境工程 工艺工程 工程类 复合材料 有机化学 气候变化 复合数 生物 生态学
作者
Claudio Tregambi,Piero Bareschino,Dawid P. Hanak,Fabio Montagnaro,Francesco Pepe,Erasmo Mancusi
出处
期刊:Journal of Cleaner Production [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:356: 131827-131827 被引量:23
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131827
摘要

Negative-emission technologies are largely investigated to better control atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration driving global warming. Calcium looping has been proposed in literature for direct air capture, but a comprehensive system analysis is still missing. Methanation of carbon dioxide can represent an alternative to geological storage, widely investigated within the power-to-gas framework. In this study, an integrated process considering the catalytic methanation of the concentrated carbon dioxide stream after capture from ambient air by a pure hydrogen stream from water electrolysis was proposed and numerically investigated. The system relies on packed bed reactors and uses calcium oxide as sorbent, and a nickel-based catalyst for methanation. A comprehensive study on the overall system performance was carried out, assuming a carbon dioxide capture target of 100 t y−1. Model computations suggest that roughly 50-in-parallel reactors, 0.5 m diameter each, are required for a continuous operation. The overall energy demand of the integrated process ranges within 344–370 GJ tCH4−1, or 215–293 GJ tCH4−1 if neglecting the humidifier. The methanation process requires 3-in-series reactors and can yield a continuous gas stream with a flow rate of 5 kg h−1 and a methane molar fraction of nearly 91%. If this stream is exploited for heat generation, a return of energy index of 16%, or 23% if neglecting the humidifier, is foreseen. The proposed process stems as viable solution towards a circular carbon economy.
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