Metabolic regulation of somatic stem cells in vivo

干细胞 细胞生物学 生物 祖细胞 再生(生物学) 成体干细胞 癌症干细胞 干细胞衰老理论 细胞分化 生物化学 干细胞因子 基因
作者
Corbin E. Meacham,Andrew W. DeVilbiss,Sean J. Morrison
出处
期刊:Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:23 (6): 428-443 被引量:41
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41580-022-00462-1
摘要

Metabolism has been studied mainly in cultured cells or at the level of whole tissues or whole organisms in vivo. Consequently, our understanding of metabolic heterogeneity among cells within tissues is limited, particularly when it comes to rare cells with biologically distinct properties, such as stem cells. Stem cell function, tissue regeneration and cancer suppression are all metabolically regulated, although it is not yet clear whether there are metabolic mechanisms unique to stem cells that regulate their activity and function. Recent work has, however, provided evidence that stem cells do have a metabolic signature that is distinct from that of restricted progenitors and that metabolic changes influence tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Stem cell maintenance throughout life in many tissues depends upon minimizing anabolic pathway activation and cell division. Consequently, stem cell activation by tissue injury is associated with changes in mitochondrial function, lysosome activity and lipid metabolism, potentially at the cost of eroding self-renewal potential. Stem cell metabolism is also regulated by the environment: stem cells metabolically interact with other cells in their niches and are able to sense and adapt to dietary changes. The accelerating understanding of stem cell metabolism is revealing new aspects of tissue homeostasis with the potential to promote tissue regeneration and cancer suppression.
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