胞外聚合物
胶体
膜
化学
膜污染
生物膜
结垢
化学工程
生物污染
外聚物
分段丝状菌
细菌
色谱法
生物
生物化学
工程类
污水处理
物理化学
遗传学
废物管理
活性污泥
作者
Zhongbo Zhou,Yiting Tan,Yeyuan Xiao,David C. Stuckey
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.6b03581
摘要
The distribution, composition and morphological structure of subvisible particles and colloids (0.01-10 μm) in the supernatant of a lab-scale submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR), and their role in membrane fouling, was investigated. Photometric analysis showed that the supernatant and membrane foulants were dominated by particles and colloids (0.45-10 μm), which accounted for over 90% of the total organics (proteins and polysaccharides). Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra and monosaccharide analysis showed that these particles and colloids were rich in fluorescent proteins, rhamnose, ribose and arabinose, all of which could be related to cellular and extracellular substances. Fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the presence of bacterial cells in/on the subvisible particles and colloids. The microparticles (5-10 μm) were primarily composed of Streptobacilli and/or filamentous bacteria in the form of microcolonies, while the submicrometer particles and colloids (1-5 μm and 100 kDa-1 μm) had more free/single cocci and bacilli. The ratio of live/dead cells varied in different size-fractions, and the particles (1-10 μm) contained more live cells compared with the colloids (100 kDa-1 μm). Our findings suggest that bacterial cells in/on the particles and colloids could have an important effect on fouling in SAnMBRs as they represent pioneering species attaching to membranes to form fouling layers/biofilm. Such insights reveal that previous foulant-characterization studies in MBRs tended to overestimate organic fouling, while the biofouling induced by these bacteria in/on the particles and colloids was overlooked.
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