聚乙烯亚胺
电动现象
法拉第效率
阳极
材料科学
锂(药物)
化学工程
金属
电镀(地质)
枝晶(数学)
锌
纳米技术
电池(电)
无机化学
化学
冶金
电极
物理
工程类
功率(物理)
物理化学
内分泌学
几何学
地质学
基因
医学
量子力学
生物化学
转染
数学
地球物理学
作者
Guoxing Li,Zhe Liu,Qingquan Huang,Yue Gao,Michael Regula,Daiwei Wang,Long‐Qing Chen,Donghai Wang
出处
期刊:Nature Energy
[Springer Nature]
日期:2018-11-12
卷期号:3 (12): 1076-1083
被引量:359
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41560-018-0276-z
摘要
The cycle life and energy density of rechargeable metal batteries are largely limited by the dendritic growth of their metal anodes (lithium, sodium or zinc). Here we develop a three-dimensional cross-linked polyethylenimine lithium-ion-affinity sponge as the lithium metal anode host to mitigate the problem. We show that electrokinetic surface conduction and electro-osmosis within the high-zeta-potential sponge change the concentration and current density profiles, which enables dendrite-free plating/stripping of lithium with a high Coulombic efficiency at high deposition capacities and current densities, even at low temperatures. The use of a lithium-hosting sponge leads to a significantly improved cycling stability of lithium metal batteries with a limited amount of lithium (for example, the areal lithium ratio of negative to positive electrodes is 0.6) at a commercial-level areal capacity. We also observed dendrite-free morphology in sodium and zinc anodes, which indicates a broader promise of this approach. Metallic dendrite growth of metal anodes is a major concern in developing next-generation metal-ion batteries. Here the authors develop a cross-linked polyethylenimine as a metal host that enables electrokinetic effects for uniform metal deposition.
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