肌萎缩侧索硬化
利鲁唑
谷氨酸受体
兴奋毒性
神经科学
代谢型谷氨酸受体
医学
脊髓
代谢型谷氨酸受体6
受体
生物
内科学
疾病
作者
Bentham Science Publisher Yasuo Iwasaki,Bentham Science Publisher Ken Ikeda,Bentham Science Publisher Masao Kinoshita
出处
期刊:Current drug targets
[Bentham Science]
日期:2002-10-01
卷期号:1 (5): 511-518
被引量:19
标识
DOI:10.2174/1568007023339021
摘要
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with an unknown etiology. This disorder is characterized clinically by muscular weakness and wasting, and pathologically by selective degeneration of the corticospinal tracts and motor neurons of the brain stem and spinal cord. Median survival following onset is 3 to 5 years. Riluzole, an antiglutamatergic agent has been shown to have modest beneficial effects on survival. Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS and excessive activation of glutamate receptors is excitotoxic to neurons. Glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity has been proposed to explain the pattern of selective neuronal cell death and clinical manifestation of ALS. Activation of glutamate receptors leading to elevation of intracellular calcium may play a major role. This review will focus on the current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of glutamate receptors in relation to ALS.
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