Clipping decreases plant cover, litter mass, and water infiltration rate in soil across six plant community sites in a semiarid grassland

Water infiltration in the soil is a crucial hydrological function in the land water cycle, especially in the semiarid region where water is relatively scarce. The semiarid grassland in Northern China represents the regional vegetation in the vast area of Eurasian continent and is sensitive to land use change. However, no clear patterns exist regarding the comprehensive examination of water infiltration in relation to clipping across six plant community sites. This study aimed to test the effect of clipping and plant community sites, which were dominated by Agropyron cristatum, Stipa krylovii, Leymus chinensis, Potentilla tanacetifolia, Artemisia frigida, or Lespedeza davurica, on the water infiltration rate in the semiarid grassland. Clipping significantly decreased the water initial, steady, and average infiltration rates by 39.13, 4.36, and 12.46 mm h-1, respectively, across the six plant community sites. Clipping-induced changes in the average infiltration rate positively correlated with the changes in the plant cover (r = 0.60, P < 0.01), litter mass (r = 0.53, P < 0.01), forb functional group ratio (r = 0.46, P = 0.03), and total porosity (r = 0.49, P = 0.02), and negatively with water-holding capacity (r = -0.45, P = 0.03). Further, the water infiltration rate significantly differed among the six plant community sites. The L.davurica site had the highest water initial infiltration rate with a value of 137.63 ± 17.76 mm h-1, while the L. chinensis site had the lowest rate with a value of 74.08 ± 5.26 mm h-1. Principal component analysis showed that the total porosity, litter mass, plant cover, and forb functional group ratio were the main factors affecting water infiltration rates in the control grassland. Overall, our findings suggested that local governments and herders should implement unclipping as a potential sustainable management for improving hydrological function in the semiarid grassland.