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Airborne microbial community structure and potential pathogen identification across the PM size fractions and seasons in the urban atmosphere

室内生物气溶胶 丰度(生态学) 相对物种丰度 生物气溶胶 环境科学 生物 季节性 空气质量指数 微生物种群生物学 多样性指数 生态学 环境化学 细菌 气溶胶 物种丰富度 化学 地理 气象学 遗传学
作者
Shao-Yi Jiang,Bowen Sun,Renbin Zhu,Chenshuai Che,Dawei Ma,Runfang Wang,Haitao Dai
出处
期刊:Science of The Total Environment [Elsevier]
卷期号:831: 154665-154665 被引量:26
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154665
摘要

As a vital component of airborne bioaerosols, bacteria and fungi seriously endanger human health as pathogens and allergens. However, comprehensive effects of environmental variables on airborne microbial community structures remain poorly understood across the PM sizes and seasons. We collected atmospheric PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 samples in Hefei, a typical rapidly-developing city in East China, across three seasons, and performed a comprehensive analysis of airborne microbial community structures using qPCR and high-throughput sequencing. Overall the bacterial and fungal abundances in PM1.0 were one to two orders of magnitude higher than those in PM2.5 and PM10 across seasons, but their α-diversity tended to increase from PM1.0 to PM10. The bacterial gene abundances showed a strong positive correlation (P < 0.05) with atmospheric SO2 and NO2 concentrations and air quality index. The bacterial gene abundances were significantly higher (P = 0.001) than fungi, and the bacterial diversity showed stronger seasonality. The PM sizes influenced distribution patterns for airborne microbial communities within the same season. Source-tracking analysis indicated that soils, plants, human and animal feces represented important sources of airborne bacteria with a total relative abundance of more than 60% in summer, but total abundance from the unidentified sources surpassed in fall and winter. Total 10 potential bacterial and 12 potential fungal pathogens were identified at the species level with the highest relative abundances in summer, and their abundances increased with the PM sizes. Together, our results indicated that a complex set of environmental factors, including water-soluble ions in PM, changes in air pollutant levels and meteorological conditions, and shifts in the relative importance of available microbial sources, acted to control the seasonal compositions of microbial communities in the urban atmosphere.
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