A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Emergency Management of Anaphylaxis (2020)

过敏反应 医学 指南 分级(工程) 过敏 急诊科 重症监护医学 肾上腺素 医疗急救 急诊医学 内科学 护理部 免疫学 病理 土木工程 工程类
作者
Xiaotong Li,Qingbian Ma,Jia Yin,Yaan Zheng,Rongchang Chen,Yuguo Chen,Tianzuo Li,Yuqin Wang,Kehu Yang,Hongjun Zhang,Yi‐Da Tang,Yaolong Chen,Hailong Dong,Qinglong Gu,Dai‐Hong Guo,Xuehui Hu,Lixin Xie,Baohua Li,Yuzhen Li,Tongyu Lin,Fang Liu,Zhiqiang Liu,Lanting Lyu,Mei Quanxi,Jie Shao,Hua‐Wen Xin,Fan Yang,Hui Yang,Wanhua Yang,Xu Yao,Chunshui Yu,Siyan Zhan,Guoqiang Zhang,Minggui Wang,Zhu Zhu,Baoguo Zhou,Jianqing Gu,Mo Xian,Yuan Lyu,Zhengqian Li,Hangci Zheng,Chang Cui,Shuhua Deng,Chao Huang,Lisha Li,Pengfei Liu,Peng Men,Chunli Shao,Sai Wang,Xiang Ma,Qiang Wang,Suodi Zhai
出处
期刊:Frontiers in Pharmacology [Frontiers Media]
卷期号:13 被引量:18
标识
DOI:10.3389/fphar.2022.845689
摘要

Background: For anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction, the incidence rate was presented to have increased from the beginning of the 21st century. Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of anaphylaxis are public health concerns. Objective: This guideline aimed to provide high-quality and evidence-based recommendations for the emergency management of anaphylaxis. Method: The panel of health professionals from fifteen medical areas selected twenty-five clinical questions and formulated the recommendations with the supervision of four methodologists. We collected evidence by conducting systematic literature retrieval and using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: This guideline made twenty-five recommendations that covered the diagnosis, preparation, emergency treatment, and post-emergency management of anaphylaxis. We recommended the use of a set of adapted diagnostic criteria from the American National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network (NIAID/FAAN), and developed a severity grading system that classified anaphylaxis into four grades. We recommended epinephrine as the first-line treatment, with specific doses and routes of administration for different severity of anaphylaxis or different conditions. Proper dosage is critical in the administration of epinephrine, and the monitor is important in the IV administration. Though there was only very low or low-quality evidence supported the use of glucocorticoids and H1 antagonists, we still weakly recommended them as second-line medications. We could not make a well-directed recommendation regarding premedication for preventing anaphylaxis since it is difficult to weigh the concerns and potential effects. Conclusion: For the emergency management of anaphylaxis we conclude that: • NIAID/FAAN diagnostic criteria and the four-tier grading system should be used for the diagnosis • Prompt and proper administration of epinephrine is critical.
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