[Prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in China, 2012-2016: a Meta-analysis].

Objective: To understand the prevalence and epidemiological features of anemia during pregnancy in China. Methods: The literature retrieval was conducted by using China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ), PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase database. The time was from January 2012 to October 2017, and the language was limited to Chinese and English. The Chinese and corresponding English search terms included pregnancy, anemia, epidemiology and prevalence. Results: A total of 28 papers were included. The total number of participants investigated was 58 752, with 11 588 cases with anemia during pregnancy identified. The overall prevalence of anemia during pregnancy was 19.9% (95%CI: 16.3%-23.5%). The prevalence varied in anemia with different levels. The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anemia were 15.9% (95%CI: 11.7%-20.2%), 5.7% (95%CI: 4.5%-6.8%) and 1.3% (95%CI: 0.8%-1.8%) respectively. The prevalence of mild anemia was highest and the prevalence of severe anemia was lowest. The prevalence of anemia increased with gestational weeks. The prevalence of anemia at the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy were 10.1% (95%CI: 6.2%-14.0%), 26.7% (95%CI: 18.0%-35.5%) and 28.1% (95%CI: 21.0%-35.1%) respectively. Both degree and gestational week subgroup analysis showed a significant difference among groups (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among subgroups of cut-off year, region, resident area, age, education level and parity (P>0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in China had remained at a low level during the past 5 years. The prevalence of mild anemia was higher than that of moderate and severe anemia. The prevalence of anemia in women at the second and third trimester of pregnancy was higher than that at the first trimester of pregnancy. Women at the second and third trimester of pregnancy should be attached a great importance in the prevention and control of anemia during pregnancy.目的：探讨中国妇女妊娠期贫血的患病率和流行病学特征。 方法：检索数据库包括中国生物医学文献数据库（CBMdisc）、中国知网数据库（CNKI）、万方数据库、中文科技期刊数据库（CSTJ）、PubMed数据库、Cochrane图书馆、Embase数据库等。时间限定为2012年1月至2017年10月，语种限定为中文和英文。中文检索词主要包括：妊娠期、贫血、流行病学、患病率。英文检索词主要包括：pregnancy、anemia、epidemiology、prevalence。 结果：共纳入文献28篇，总样本量为58 752人，其中妊娠期贫血11 588例。妊娠期贫血患病率合并值为19.9%(95%CI：16.3%~23.5%)。不同贫血程度的妊娠期贫血患病率不同，轻、中、重度贫血的患病率分别为15.9%(95%CI：11.7%~20.2%)、5.7%(95%CI：4.5%~6.8%)、1.3%(95%CI：0.8%~1.8%)，轻度贫血患病率最高，重度贫血患病率最低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。随孕周增加，妊娠期妇女贫血患病率上升，妊娠早、中、晚期贫血患病率分别为10.1%(95%CI：6.2%~14.0%)、26.7%(95%CI：18.0%~35.5%)、28.1%(95%CI：21.0%~35.1%),差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。调查时间截尾年份、地区、居住地、年龄、文化程度、孕次的亚组分析组间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论：我国妇女妊娠期贫血患病率在过去5年中保持在较低水平,轻度贫血患病率较中、重度贫血患病率高。妊娠中、晚期妇女贫血患病率较高，应重点关注。.