Possible curative effect of venom collected from Algerian bees ( Apis mellifera intermissa ) on adenine-induced chronic kidney damage in mice

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a world-wide health concern, and thus curative approach becomes highly valuable. Herein, we examined the possible therapeutic effect of bee venom collected from Algeria (Apis mellifera intermissa) on adenine-induced chronic kidney damage. Mice received intraperitoneal injection of adenine at a dose of 50 mg/kg for four weeks to induce CKD. After that, bee venom was administered intraperitoneally (i.p) to mice at a dose of 0.76 mg/kg BW for a week. Adenine-treated mice decreased the body weight evolution, and significantly increased the kidney weight, water intake, and urine output compared with controls. In addition, serum and urine urea and creatinine levels, and serum albumin concentrations were significantly increased, while serum creatinine clearance level was significantly decreased in adenine-treated mice compared with controls. Adenine-induced oxidative stress was evidenced by increased MDA content, and decreased catalase and GST activity, and GSH content in renal tissue. Meanwhile, the administration of bee venom to adenine-treated mice markedly recovered kidney function via improvement of the altered physiological and biochemical parameters. These were confirmed by the morphological and histopathological results. In conclusion, bee venom is a prising therapeutic natural agent for improving kidney function in adenine-induced CKD.