Effects of Extraction Methods on the Structural Characteristics and Functional Properties of Insoluble Dietary Fiber Extracted from Aronia melanocarpa

The physicochemical properties, structural compositions, and functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) extracted from Aronia melanocarpa by acid extraction method, alkali extraction method, and enzymatic extraction method (EE) were studied. The results showed that the monosaccharide compositions of the three IDF samples were similar. The average molecular weight of E-IDF was higher than that of AC-IDF and AL-IDF. The surface morphology, crystal structure, and functional groups of IDF samples were changed by different extraction methods, but the effect on thermal stability was not significant. In addition, E-IDF possessed higher water-holding capacity, oil-holding capacity, and water swelling capacity. The nitrite ion adsorption capacity of E-IDF was higher at pH 2.0. At the same time, E-IDF exhibited higher glucose adsorption capacity (GAC) and better adsorption capacity for Cu2+ and Pb2+. The results indicate that the IDF sample extracted by the EE had excellent physicochemical and functional properties and showed great potential as a functional food ingredient.