[The role of Müller cells in the formation and development of macular hole].

Müller cells are important glial cells in the retina, which play important roles in maintaining the stability of the retina by mechanical support, homeostasis, and physiological metabolism, as well as protecting photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells. The degeneration and destruction of Müller cells are often accompanied by various retinal diseases, and the function of Müller cells is changed under pathological conditions. Based on the summary of the morphology, distribution and function of Müller cells, this article analyzes the different manifestations and changes of Müller cells in different stages of macular hole and the closely related mechanisms, aiming to clarify the role of Müller cells in the formation and development of macular hole and to provide reference for the prediction of disease progression and guidance of treatment.(This article was published ahead of print on the official website of Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology on Augest 28, 2023).Müller细胞是视网膜中重要的神经胶质细胞，具有机械支撑、维持稳态、生理代谢、保护感光细胞和视网膜色素上皮细胞等作用，以维持视网膜的稳定性。Müller细胞变形和破坏常伴随各种视网膜病变，且在病理状态下Müller细胞的功能也发生改变。本文汇集国内外最新研究结果，在总结Müller细胞的形态、分布、功能基础上，分析不同阶段黄斑裂孔中Müller细胞的不同表现和变化及其密切关联机制，以期为进一步明确Müller细胞在黄斑裂孔发生和发展中的确切作用，并开展预测疾病进展和指导治疗研究提供参考。（本文已于2023年8月28日出版在中华眼科杂志官网）.