[A review: drug-drug interactions of epithelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors].

Mutations in the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a driving factor that causes non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The epithelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is a crucial discovery in the treatment of lung cancer, particularly the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs is superior to that of the standard chemotherapy for patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC. Patients with NSCLC use EGFR-TKIs and other medications simultaneously is commonly seen, especially among those with comorbidities, which increases the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of EGFR-TKIs. The most common mechanisms underlying the DDIs of EGFR-TKIs are modulations of cytochrome P450 (CYP) and drug transporters [including P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP)], as well as gastrointestinal acid-inhibitory drugs [proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H(2) receptor antagonists (H(2)RA)]. Inhibitors or inducers of CYP enzymes and drug transporters can inhibit or accelerate the metabolism of EGFR-TKIs, which increase or reduce the exposure of EGFR-TKIs, thereby affect the efficacy and safety of EGFR-TKIs. In addition, PPIs or H(2)RA can decrease the solubility, bioavailability and efficacy of EGFR-TKIs. This review summarizes the mechanisms of DDIs of gefitinib, erlotinib, icotinib, afatinib, dacomitinib and osimertinib; the management recommendations for DDIs of those EGFR-TKIs from the Chinese and global guideline, as well as from the recent pre-clinical and clinical studies, which provide the reference and evidence for managing the combination therapies of EGFR-TKIs and other medications in clinics.表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变是引发非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的重要驱动因素。EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)是治疗肺癌领域的重要发现，EGFR-TKIs在晚期EGFR突变阳性NSCLC患者中的疗效优于标准化疗。NSCLC患者通常同时服用EGFR-TKIs与其他药物，尤其是有合并症的NSCLC患者，因此，增加了EGFR-TKIs药物相互作用的风险。EGFR-TKIs中常见的药物相互作用机制为细胞色素酶P450(CYP)、药物转运体(如P-糖蛋白和乳腺癌耐药蛋白)以及抑酸药物(质子泵抑制剂和H(2)受体拮抗剂)的调节。CYP和药物转运体的抑制剂或诱导剂能通过减缓或加快EGFR-TKIs的代谢过程，来升高或降低EGFR-TKIs在体内的暴露量，从而影响EGFR-TKIs的安全性和有效性。EGFR-TKIs与抑酸药物的合用和相互作用可能降低EGFR-TKIs在体内的溶解度、生物利用度和药效。文章概括并论述了吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、埃克替尼、阿法替尼、达克替尼和奥希替尼药物相互作用的机制，以及中国与全球指南、体内外研究和临床研究对EGFR-TKIs药物相互作用在临床上的管理办法的推荐，为EGFR-TKIs类药物合并用药的临床管理提供依据。.