Chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Sambucus adnata Wall. and their chemotaxonomic significance

The chemical characterization study of Sambucus adnata Wall. from southwest China led to the isolation of a new fatty acid derivative, Samburin A (1), along with twenty known compounds, including four iridoids (2–5), five flavonoids (6–10), one cyanogenic glycoside (11), five triterpenoids (12–16) and five steroids (17–21), The structure of 1 was elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, and HMBC) and HREIMS experimental data, while the known compounds were determined according to NMR and MS data analysis and comparison with those of reported literature. All the compounds were isolated from the species S. adnata Wall. for the first time, while compounds 8, 9, 10, 12, and 14–21 were first reported for the genus Sambucus. Moreover, the later compounds could be served as chemotaxonomic markers of S. adnata Wall..