Optically Reconfigurable Platelet Architecture In Vivo

Precise building of multifunctional nano/microarchitectures holds exciting prospects in various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, biosensing, and disease diagnosis. However, the reported architectures still face great challenges when implemented in vivo due to insufficient biocompatibility, inevitable invasiveness, low stability, and difficulty for reconfiguration. Here, we report an optically reconfigurable platelet architecture through an organic integration of programmable optical manipulation and intravital platelets, functioning as highly skilled mason and endogenous biological blocks, respectively. By programming the optical force landscape in real time, multiple platelets can be stably trapped and then precisely arranged into a designed pattern, followed by spontaneous binding through the robust interaction between membrane protein and ligands, thus achieving a stable biological architecture with a high navigation flexibility. More importantly, they can be sculptured in a dynamically reconfigurable manner, with the aim to execute multifunctional biomedical tasks, including the active circumventions across the obstacles, precise vessel labeling, blood flow switching, and targeted cargo delivery. The reported platelet architecture might serve as a smart biomedical platform for constructing multifunctional cellular micromachines, with great promises for the desired biomanufacturing, targeted drug delivery, and immune therapy.