肥料
肥料
土壤质量
生物炭
环境科学
土壤肥力
农学
蚯蚓粪
土壤改良剂
土工试验
土壤有机质
稻草
土壤pH值
有机肥料
土壤水分
化学
土壤科学
营养物
生物
热解
有机化学
作者
Peng Li,Mengcheng Wu,Guodong Kang,Baijing Zhu,Huixin Li,Feng Hu,Jiaguo Jiao
出处
期刊:Geoderma
[Elsevier]
日期:2020-08-01
卷期号:373: 114416-114416
被引量:71
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114416
摘要
Organic fertilizer applications can increase soil fertility and productivity and reduce chemical fertilizer use. However, few experimental studies have focused on effects of organic fertilizers on soil quality in a field ecosystem. The overarching goal of this study was to develop a soil quality index (SQI) for fertilization management in red soil farmland in China. The specific objectives were to determine 1) appropriate soil quality indicators, 2) a suitable weight assignment method (PCA, principal component analysis or MRA, multiple regression analysis) and 3) the optimal scoring function (standard or linear or non-linear). We analyzed 40 soil physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties under nine fertilization treatments (CK (no fertilizer), CF (chemical fertilizer), RF (60% chemical fertilizer), CFS (chemical fertilizer + straw), RFS (60% chemical fertilizer + straw), CFB (chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFB (60% chemical fertilizer + biochar), RFP (60% chemical fertilizer + pig manure), RFV (60% chemical fertilizer + vermicompost)) as potential soil quality indicators. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis were applied to determine the indicators responsive to management and for the confirmation of the six SQIs. Available phosphorous, nitrogen, potassium and gram-positive bacteria were chosen as the minimum data set from the total of 40 soil indictors. Management of organic and inorganic fertilizers affected each soil property in different ways, and the index based on the minimum data set, calculated using standard scoring function and weight assignment method of multiple regression analysis, was most accurate and sensitive. Application of a pig manure or vermicompost significantly increased SQI values relative to other treatments, followed by straw or biochar treatments which were higher than a single application of chemical fertilizer. These results indicate that the addition of organic fertilizers will not only improve soil quality, but also enhance rapeseed and sweet potato yield compared to chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the SQI method can provide a practical and quantitative tool for the evaluation of soil quality.
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