Tremor signals during fluid injection are generated by fault slip

地质学 诱发地震 地震学 打滑(空气动力学) 断层(地质) 应力场 注入井 石油工程 工程类 航空航天工程 结构工程 有限元法
作者
Shankho Niyogi,Abhijit Ghosh,Abhash Kumar,Richard Hammack
出处
期刊:Science [American Association for the Advancement of Science]
卷期号:381 (6657): 553-558 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.adh1331
摘要

Seismic tremor signals, also known as long-period, long-duration signals, have been reported in several locations where fluid injection for enhanced oil and gas exploration is taking place. However, the origin of these signals remains poorly constrained. We studied seismic tremor signals in Wellington Field, Kansas, using a seismic array during a carbon dioxide injection program. We show that these signals are generated below the surface during the time of carbon dioxide injection. They have a distinct spectral signature, similar to those observed in glacial and volcanic environments. The tremor sources are located near the injection site and aligned with preexisting faults. Modeling results imply that such tremors are generated by frictional slip on fault. These observations may reveal an important deformation mode, which is useful for studying associated stress, seismicity, and triggering, as well as for tracking fault activities during injection operations of all fluids, including supercritical carbon dioxide.
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