Combustion stability and NO emission characteristics of three combustion modes of pulverized coal boilers under low or ultra-low loads

燃烧 氮氧化物 煤粉锅炉 燃烧室 锅炉(水暖) 点火系统 自燃温度 极限氧浓度 氧气 绝热火焰温度 化学 废物管理 核工程 材料科学 环境科学 工程类 航空航天工程 有机化学
作者
Dafu Ma,Shouyu Zhang,Xiang He,Xian Ding,Wangfan Li,Pingyuan Liu
出处
期刊:Applied Energy [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:353: 121998-121998 被引量:19
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.121998
摘要

Under low or ultra-low loads, poor combustion stability and high NOx emissions hinder the stable operation of pulverized coal boilers. Numerical simulation was used to investigate the impact of boiler load rate and operation oxygen on combustion stability and NOx emission characteristics in tangentially fired, swirl-opposed fired, and W-flame boilers. To quantitatively assess combustion stability, a combustion stability index was introduced using ignition distance and average temperature of the main combustion zone as parameters. The results indicate that as the load decreased, the temperature and combustion stability decreased rapidly below the 50% load; ignition distance and NOx emission concentration (@6% O2) increased. Moreover, under stable low loads, reduced operation oxygen enhanced temperature and combustion stability while reducing ignition distance and NOx emissions (@6% O2), with minimal impact on CO concentration. Under stable low loads in all three boilers, reducing operation oxygen to 3.5% led to an average temperature increase of 56.8 °C. Additionally, the W-flame boiler exhibits the highest average temperature (1371 °C), oxygen concentration, and NOx concentration, and the lowest temperature-decrease rate. Under equal conditions, the average combustion stability index (Ics) decrease rate of the three boilers under low loads was 2.3 times that under mid–high loads. The tangentially fired boiler demonstrates the highest combustion stability capacity (Ics = 0.78), possibly owing to the close distance between each direct-current burner layer, and the mutual support and ignition between each corner of the same layer.
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