Research and applications of rechargeable seawater battery

With the outstanding advantages such as good heat dissipation performance, long service life and low overall cost, seawater batteries (SWBs) have been considered as a promising new type of electrochemical energy conversion and storage system for ocean-related applications. A typical SWB is composed of anode compartment, cathode compartment and solid electrolyte, which form an open environment. In this review, the working principle and configuration of SWB is first introduced. Then, the function and development of materials in SWBs are introduced from the aspects of anode compartment, cathode compartment and solid electrolyte. The present problems and the future development directions of SWBs are also prospected.