Adaptive Multiagent Primary Secondary Control for Accurate Synchronized Charge-Discharge Scenarios of Battery Distributed Energy Storage Systems in DC Autonomous Microgrid

The inaccurate synchronization of the charge-discharge scenarios for battery distributed energy storage systems under a decentralized multiagent-based primary-secondary control in a DC-autonomous microgrid is a crucial control drawback. Specifically, under a sudden load variation or an excessive load fluctuation. Which, in turn, negatively affects the optimization and stabilization of the control process. Furthermore, exacerbates the batteries’ health and reduces their prolonged life. The second concern that the DC microgrid faces under the specific control is the possibility of malfunctioning or downtime in one of the energy storage agents, which defects the stability and balance of the load sharing. These result in reduced system performance, and a violated renewable energy sustainability and penetration. This paper proposes an accurate synchronization technique through the adaptation of the average voltage consensus, and the introduction of a new droop-correction-based the multiagent neighbor-to-neighbor communication. A digital real-time comparison of the multiagent input of each energy storage agent is introduced, and the feature of plug and play is attained. Simulation results prove the success in attaining an accurate synchronization of the charge-discharge scenarios and enhanced balance of output voltage. Furthermore, the independency of operation from the number of the energy storage agents.