Molecular Dynamics Simulations on Heat Transport of Nanoconfined Water under Electric Fields: Effect of Nanochannel Size

When water is confined in a nanochannel, its thermodynamic and kinetic properties change dramatically compared to the macroscale. To investigate these phenomena, we conducted nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations on the heat transfer in copper-water nanochannels with lengths ranging from 12 to 20 nm in the absence and presence of an electric field. The results indicate that in the absence of an electric field (