Perfluorocarbons Therapeutics in Modern Cancer Nanotechnology for Hypoxiainduced Anti-tumor Therapy

缺氧(环境) 肿瘤缺氧 医学 光动力疗法 癌症治疗 纳米颗粒 纳米技术 微循环 癌症研究 癌症 化学 氧气 内科学 材料科学 放射治疗 有机化学
作者
Saurabh Satija,Prabal Sharma,Harpreet Kaur,Daljeet Singh Dhanjal,Reena Singh Chopra,Navneet Khurana,Manish Vyas,Neha Sharma,Murtaza M. Tambuwala,Hamid A. Bakshi,Nitin B. Charbe,Flavia C. Zacconi,Dinesh Kumar Chellappan,Kamal Dua,Meenu Mehta
出处
期刊:Current Pharmaceutical Design [Bentham Science]
卷期号:27 (43): 4376-4387 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.2174/1381612827666210830100907
摘要

With an estimated failure rate of about 90%, immunotherapies that are intended for the treatment of solid tumors have caused an anomalous rise in the mortality rate over the past decades. It is apparent that resistance towards such therapies primarily occurs due to elevated levels of HIF-1 (Hypoxia-induced factor) in tumor cells, which are caused by disrupted microcirculation and diffusion mechanisms. With the advent of nanotechnology, several innovative advances were brought to the fore; and, one such promising direction is the use of perfluorocarbon nanoparticles in the management of solid tumors. Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles enhance the response of hypoxia-based agents (HBAs) within the tumor cells and have been found to augment the entry of HBAs into the tumor micro-environment. The heightened penetration of HBAs causes chronic hypoxia, thus aiding in the process of cell quiescence. In addition, this technology has also been applied in photodynamic therapy, where oxygen self-enriched photosensitizers loaded perfluorocarbon nanoparticles are employed. The resulting processes initiate a cascade, depleting tumour oxygen and turning it into a reactive oxygen species eventually to destroy the tumour cell. This review elaborates on the multiple applications of nanotechnology based perfluorocarbon formulations that are being currently employed in the treatment of tumour hypoxia.
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