[Progress of Research on the Relationship between Lung Microbiome and Lung Cancer].

The microbiota plays an important role in the biological functions of the human body and is associated with various disease states such as inflammation (gastritis, hepatitis) and cancer (stomach, cervical, liver). The Human Microbiome Project painted a panorama of human microorganisms in its first phase, incorporating body parts such as the nasal cavity, oral cavity, intestine, vagina and skin, while the lungs were considered a sterile environment. However, studies in recent years have confirmed the presence of a rich microbial community in the lung, and the association of this lung microbiota with lung disease has become a hot topic of research. Current research has found that patients with lung cancer have a specific microbiota compared to healthy individuals or patients with lung disease. Even in patients with lung cancer, a lung microbiota specific to the tumor site is present. In addition, different pathological types and metastatic status of lung cancer can lead to differences in microbiota. Mechanistic studies have found that the lung microbiota may influence lung cancer development by affecting the immune response. Clinical studies on lung microbiota and immunotherapy are still in the preliminary stage. More relevant studies are needed in the future to provide high-quality evidence to further understand the oncogenic mechanisms of lung microbiota and provide new ideas for clinical treatment. This paper briefly reviews the progress of lung microbiota research in terms of its relevance to lung cancer, possible molecular mechanisms and applications in clinical treatment, and provides an outlook for future research. .【中文题目：肺部微生物群与肺癌关系的研究进展】 【中文摘要：微生物群在人体生物学功能中发挥着重要作用，与炎症（胃炎、肝炎）、癌症（胃癌、宫颈癌、肝癌）等多种疾病状态有关。人类微生物组计划在第一阶段描绘了人体微生物的全景图，纳入鼻腔、口腔、肠道、阴道和皮肤等人体部位，而肺部被认为是无菌环境。但近些年研究证实肺部存在丰富的微生物群落，该肺部微生物群与肺部疾病的关联成为研究热点。目前研究发现，与健康人或肺部疾病患者相比，肺癌患者具有特异的微生物群。即使在肺癌患者体内，肿瘤部位也存在特有的肺部微生物群。此外，不同病理类型和转移状态的肺癌也会导致微生物群的差异。机制学研究发现，肺部微生物群可能通过影响免疫反应影响肺癌的发生。目前肺部微生物与免疫治疗的临床研究仍处于初步阶段。未来需要更多相关研究来提供高质量的证据，进一步了解肺部微生物群的致癌机制，为临床治疗提供新思路。本文对肺部微生物群与肺癌的相关性研究，可能的分子机制和临床治疗中的应用，简要综述了肺部微生物群研究进展，并对今后研究提出展望。 】 【中文关键词：肺肿瘤；肺部微生物群；致癌机制；免疫治疗】.