Aluminium vanadate with unsaturated coordinated V centers and oxygen vacancies: surface migration and partial phase transformation mechanism in high performance zinc-ion batteries

Aluminium vanadate with unsaturated coordinated V centers and oxygen vacancies shows excellent Zn 2+ storage due to the low Zn 2+ migration barrier along the (001) surface, the co-(de)intercalation mechanism of H + /Zn 2+ and the partial transformation.