The Roles of Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Autoimmune Diseases

多发性硬化 受体 免疫学 生物 神经科学 类风湿性关节炎 医学 自身免疫 G蛋白偶联受体 免疫系统 自身免疫性疾病 生物信息学 遗传学 抗体
作者
Mingming Zhao,Zheyu Wang,Ming Yang,Yan Ding,Ming Zhao,Haijing Wu,Yan Zhang,Qianjin Lu
出处
期刊:Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:60 (2): 220-243 被引量:9
标识
DOI:10.1007/s12016-020-08829-y
摘要

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the largest family of plasma membrane receptors in nature and mediate the effects of a variety of extracellular signals, such as hormone, neurotransmitter, odor, and light signals. Due to their involvement in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes and their accessibility, GPCRs are widely used as pharmacological targets of treatment. Orphan G protein-coupled receptors (oGPCRs) are GPCRs for which no natural ligands have been found, and they not only play important roles in various physiological functions, such as sensory perception, reproduction, development, growth, metabolism, and responsiveness, but are also closely related to many major diseases, such as central nervous system (CNS) diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Recently, many studies have reported that oGPCRs play increasingly important roles as key factors in the occurrence and progression of autoimmune diseases. Therefore, oGPCRs are likely to become potential therapeutic targets and may provide a breakthrough in the study of autoimmune diseases. In this article, we focus on reviewing the recent research progress and clinical treatment effects of oGPCRs in three common autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), shedding light on novel strategies for treatments.
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