Formulation and evaluation of skin whitening cosmetic body lotion by using a combination of crocus sativus and psidium guajava leaves extracts

Skin whitening body lotions are the cosmetics products which work on human skin by reducing a pigment called melanin in the skin. It also lightens naturally dark skin and dark spots. It is giving a moisturizing effect to the skin as a natural cosmetics body lotion. This study was aimed on a reduction of skin melanin by tyrosine inhibitory with plant extracts by formulating a stable whitening body lotion containing the plant extracts of Psidium guajava L. leaves and also the extract of Crocus sativus (Saffron). Two plants were extracted in a different way; the method of extraction for Crocus sativus was reflux method and for Psidium guajava leaves was maceration method. The phytochemical screening and tyrosinase inhibition activity of extracts were evaluated. The various types of lotion namely F1 to F5 were formulated by incorporating different concentrations of extracts and evaluated for different parameters. The findings of tyrosinase inhibitory study exhibited that the IC50 value of tyrosine inhibitory of combined extract of Psidium guajava and Crocus sativus was lower compared to Crocus sativus extract. The formulation F3 with the mixture 0.5 g of Crocus sativus and 0.5 g of Psidium guajava leaves showed the best results among several formulations. The result which obtained from formulation F3 was compatible to pass all the evaluation tests. As a conclusion, the mixture of Psidium guajava and Crocus sativus extract possesses a strong tyrosine inhibition activity, and it was formulated as a stable whitening natural body lotion, and it can be safely used on the skin.