Revealing Water Stress by the Thermal Power Industry in China Based on a High Spatial Resolution Water Withdrawal and Consumption Inventory

干旱 环境科学 构造盆地 水文学(农业) 中国 流域 含水层 地表水 供水 水资源管理 地下水 地质学 环境工程 地理 地貌学 古生物学 岩土工程 地图学 考古
作者
Chao Zhang,Lijin Zhong,Xiaotian Fu,Jiao Wang,Zhixuan Wu
出处
期刊:Environmental Science & Technology [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:50 (4): 1642-1652 被引量:116
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.5b05374
摘要

This study reveals the spatial distribution of water withdrawal and consumption by thermal power generation and the associated water stress at catchment level in China based on a high-resolution geodatabase of electric generating units and power plants. We identified three groups of regions where the baseline water stress exerted by thermal power generation is comparatively significant: (1) the Hai River Basin/East Yellow River Basin in the north; (2) some arid catchments in Xinjiang Autonomous Region in the northwest; and (3) the coastal city clusters in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearly River Delta, and Zhejiang Province. Groundwater stress is also detected singularly in a few aquifers mainly in the Hai River Basin and the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin. As China accelerates its pace of coal mining and coal-fired power generation in the arid northwest regions, the energy/water priorities in catchments under high water stress are noteworthy. We conclude that promotion of advanced water-efficient technologies in the energy industry and more systematic analysis of the water stress of thermal power capacity expansion in water scarce regions in inland China are needed. More comprehensive and transparent data monitoring and reporting are essential to facilitate such water stress assessment.
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