Chromosome‐level de novo genome assembly and whole‐genome resequencing of the threatened species Acanthochlamys bracteata (Velloziaceae) provide insights into alpine plant divergence in a biodiversity hotspot

生物 濒危物种 人口历史 进化生物学 群体基因组学 遗传多样性 人口 基因流 基因组学 基因组 生态学 遗传变异 遗传学 基因 社会学 人口学 栖息地
作者
Bo Xu,Min Liao,Heng‐Ning Deng,Chao‐chao Yan,Yukui Zhang,Yun‐Dong Gao,Wenbin Ju,Junyi Zhang,Li‐Sha Jiang,Xiong Li,Xin‐Fen Gao
出处
期刊:Molecular Ecology Resources [Wiley]
卷期号:22 (4): 1582-1595 被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.1111/1755-0998.13562
摘要

The Hengduan Mountains region is an important hotspot of alpine plant diversity and endemism. Acanthochlamys bracteata is a species of a threatened monotypic genus endemic to the Hengduan Mountains. In this study, we present a high-quality, chromosome-level reference genome for A. bracteata, constructed using long reads, short reads and Hi-C technology. We characterized its genetic diversity, population structure, demographic history and gene flow by resequencing individuals collected across its distribution. Comparative genomics analyses based on sequence information from single-copy orthologous genes revealed that A. bracteata and Dioscorea rotundata diverged ~104.5 million years ago. Whole-genome resequencing based on population genetic analysis revealed that the division of the 14 populations into 10 distinct clusters reflected geographical divergence, and three separate high levels of gene flow occurred sequentially between isolated populations of the Hengduan Mountains, a finding which is consistent with the turnover between ice ages and interglacial periods. Our findings indicate that Quaternary climatic changes played an important role in shaping the genetic structure and demographic trajectories of A. bracteata, and provide critical insights into the genetic status and evolutionary history of this poorly understood species, and possibly other alpine plants with a similar distribution. This study demonstrates the usefulness of population genomics for evaluating the effects of past climatic changes and identifying conservation units for the conservation and management of threatened species. Our high-quality genome represents a valuable resource for future studies of the underlying molecular mechanisms of adaptive evolution and provides insight for further comparative genomic analysis with other Velloziaceae species.
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