An Efficient Scheme of Digital Image Watermarking Based on Hessenberg Factorization and DWT

Nowadays, the widespread availability of digital images manipulating software leads to the easy potential for editing images with no need for professional knowledge. Generally, the digital images tampering is very subtle in order that it is not distinguishable by the system of human vision. Most of the attackers work on exploiting and misusing this property. Therefore, for preventing illegal manipulation and unlawful access for any digital image, digital images watermarking schemes are developed to hide an imperceptible watermark into a cover image. Based on the utilized application, the significant requirements for these watermarking schemes are security, capacity, robustness, and imperceptibility. In order to satisfy most of these requirements, in this paper, an efficient digital image watermarking scheme has been proposed that relies on Hessenberg Matrix Decomposition (HMD) applied to each block produced from transforming the cover image by discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In the experiments, the obtained results show that the proposed scheme has a high performance in providing the significant requirements of watermarking; security, capacity, robustness, and imperceptibility.