正渗透
海水淡化
膜
反渗透
焊剂(冶金)
化学
渗透
化学工程
石墨烯
盐(化学)
渗透力
传质
环境工程
工艺工程
材料科学
环境科学
色谱法
工程类
生物化学
物理化学
有机化学
作者
Su Liu,Xin Tong,Lei Huang,Runlong Hao,Haiping Gao,Yongsheng Chen,John C. Crittenden
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.9b05597
摘要
Graphene oxide membranes (GOMs) are promising separation technologies. In forward osmosis (FO), we found that the water flux from the feed solution to the draw solution can prevent ions from diffusing to the feed solution in a highly tortuous and porous GOM. In reverse osmosis (RO), we found that the salt rejection is low compared to that in commercially available RO membranes. While this prohibits the use of GOMs for RO and FO water desalination, we believe that such membranes could be used for other water treatment applications and energy production. To examine the transport mechanism, we characterized the physical and chemical properties of GOMs and derived mass transfer models to analyze water and salt transport inside freestanding GOMs. The experimental reverse salt flux was between the largest and smallest theoretical values, which corresponds to the lowest and highest tortuosity, respectively, in FO. Furthermore, the concentration profile for the reverse salt flux shortened as the NaCl draw concentration increased because the water flux increased and the electrical double layer (EDL) decreased with increasing NaCl in the draw solution. We provide insights into the transport mechanisms in GOMs and provide guidance for future exploration of GOMs in efficient water treatment and energy production processes.
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