Comparison of Saccadic Eye Movements Among the High-tension Glaucoma, Primary Angle-closure Glaucoma, and Normal-tension Glaucoma

Précis: Saccadic eye movements were compared between high-tension glaucoma (HTG), normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). Saccades were differently affected between the subtypes of primary glaucoma. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare saccadic eye movements in eyes with HTG, PACG, and NTG. Methods: Saccadic eye movements were recorded using the eye tracker Eyelink-1000 in 52 participants: 15 HTG, 14 PACG, 8 NTG, and 15 normal controls. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmic and visual field examination. Prosaccades were measured using the gap paradigm. Prosaccades were measured at 3 target eccentricities (5-, 7-, and 10-degree eccentricity). All prosaccade targets were projected outside the area of visual field defect. Saccade latency, average and peak velocity, and amplitude difference of the saccades were compared between glaucoma subtypes. Results: The mean±SD age was lesser in controls compared with glaucoma ( P =0.02). The mean age in all the glaucoma subtypes was comparable ( P =0.92). The average mean deviation in PACG (−16.66±6.69 dB) was worse ( P =0.01) than in HTG (−11.56±6.08 dB) and NTG (−9.55±3.96 dB). The latencies were delayed, average and peak velocities were reduced, and saccades were hypometric in glaucoma compared with controls ( P <0.01). Between subtypes, the differences in latency ( P <0.01), peak velocity ( P =0.02), and amplitude ( P =0.02) were significant. Saccadic eye movements were significantly different in NTG compared with other glaucoma subtypes (post hoc analysis; latency (HTG vs. NTG; P <0.01, HTG vs. PACG; P =0.01), peak velocity (HTG vs. NTG; P =0.02) and amplitude difference (HTG vs. NTG; P =0.02). Conclusions: Saccadic eye movement parameters were differently affected among the glaucoma subtypes. Saccadic parameters were more affected in NTG.