Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death in both urban and rural residents. Among them, heart failure, which develops from various heart diseases to the end stage, is the main cause of death. With the development of regenerative medicine, stem cell transplantation is expected to be a potential and promising treatment for heart failure. In recent years, basic research and clinical application research related to stem cells have been vigorously developed in China, and many latest achievements and progress have been obtained. However, relevant guidance documents are still needed to standardize and scale up clinical applications of stem cell transplantation. Therefore, experts from the Tissue Repair and Regeneration Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, by referring to the latest research results, discussed the treatment of heart failure by autologous stem cell transplantation and reached the following consensus. The key technical issues related to autologous stem cell transplantation were mainly expounded, and scientific suggestions were proposed to standardize and promote the clinical research and application of stem cells.心血管病死亡已占城乡居民总死亡原因的首位,其中各类心脏病发展到终末期的心力衰竭是死亡的主要原因。随着再生医学的发展,干细胞移植有望成为治疗心力衰竭较具潜力和应用前景的治疗方法。近年来,干细胞相关基础研究及临床应用研究在国内蓬勃开展,获得了许多最新的成果与进展,但干细胞移植在临床上规范化、规模化开展仍需要相关指导性文件。因此,中华医学会组织修复与再生分会组织专家,结合当前最新研究结果,对自体干细胞移植治疗心力衰竭进行会议讨论并达成以下共识,重点对自体干细胞移植过程中的相关关键技术问题进行阐述,提出了科学建议,以期规范和促进干细胞的临床研究及应用。.