微塑料
海湾
河口
环境科学
污染
水质
丰度(生态学)
塑料污染
废水
垂钓
渔业
水污染
地表水
海洋学
环境保护
生态学
环境工程
生物
地质学
作者
Laiana dos Santos Trindade,Thomas Vincent Gloaguen,Thais de Souza Farias Benevides,Alessandra Cristina Silva Valentim,Marcela Rebouças Bomfim,Jorge Antônio Gonzaga Santos
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121224
摘要
Brazil is the fourth largest producer of plastic waste in the world, but studies on pollution of rivers and estuaries by microplastics are still scarce. This study is located in the state of Bahia (Northeast region) in ten estuarine environments around Todos dos Santos Bay (TDB), the largest Brazilian bay, where more than 3 million Brazilians live. The aim of the study was the evaluation of the input of microplastics into the TSB by river. Microplastic abundance, size, morphology and water quality were determined during three sampling campaigns. All river samples were highly polluted with microplastics (mostly <150 μm), up to 33,000 items m-3, exceeding values observed in most estuaries worldwide. The poor quality of the river water reflect the deficient treatment of domestic wastewater in the state of Bahia (49% are not treated), and in this study is shown a correlation with the abundance of microplastics, indicating their possible main source. Artisanal fishing can also contribute locally to this pollution. Morover, the results highlight the importance of sampling small microplastics (<100 μm) to avoid important underestimation of this pollution. Based on these data, the three major rivers would discharge 3.88 trillion items into the Bay each year, equivalent to 4.75 × 105 m2 of plastic. Further research in surface water systems is essential, given that the average wastewater treatment rates in the country and in the Northeast and North regions are only 43%, 32%, and 12%, respectively.
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