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Diversification in birds is promoted by plant diversity, topographic heterogeneity and stable paleoclimate

古气候学 多元化(营销策略) 多样性(政治) 地理 植物多样性 生态学 自然地理学 地球科学 地质学 生物 气候变化 生物多样性 人类学 社会学 业务 营销
作者
Xinyu Wang,Miao Lü,Xiongwei Huang,Lingfeng Mao,Tianlong Cai,Jens‐Christian Svenning,Gang Feng
出处
期刊:Journal of Biogeography [Wiley]
卷期号:51 (11): 2084-2093
标识
DOI:10.1111/jbi.14974
摘要

Abstract Aims Long‐term climate stability, contemporary climate and environmental heterogeneity have been linked to bird diversity patterns through their direct impacts on diversification rate, as well as through their indirect effects on plant species richness, which could also directly and indirectly affect bird diversity. This study aimed to quantitatively assess whether these potential drivers could indirectly affect bird species richness through their direct effects on the diversification rate in birds in eastern Asia. Location Mainland China. Taxon Birds. Methods Using the distribution data of 1127 bird species across 320 prefecture cities in China and a phylogenetic tree of these bird species, we analysed the distribution patterns of bird species richness and diversification rate of all birds, passerine birds and non‐passerine birds, respectively. We also investigated their relationships with long‐term climate stability, contemporary climate, elevation range and plant diversity using ordinary least squares regression model and simultaneous autoregressive model. In addition, structural equation model was used to analyse whether these drivers could indirectly affect bird species richness through their direct effects on bird diversification rate. Results The results showed that bird species richness and diversification rate were highest in southwestern China. Additionally, diversification rate for passerine birds was higher than non‐passerine birds and all birds. Regression analyses revealed that plant species richness was the variable most associated with bird species richness and diversification rate across the three groups. Notably, results from structural equation model indicated that plant species richness, elevation range and glacial–interglacial climate change can indirectly influence bird species richness by directly affecting diversification rates. Main Conclusions These findings emphasize the importance of considering diversification rate when understanding the geographic distribution patterns of bird diversity. The direct and indirect effects of plant species richness, elevation range and glacial–interglacial climate change on bird diversity highlight the crucial role of mountain regions with higher plant diversity and stable paleoclimate in forming and maintaining biodiversity.
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