Study on the improvement of photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells by gold nano double-cone particles

Silicon thin film solar cells have the advantages of simple preparation process, large area preparation and low cost, but its photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, with the decline of the preparation cost of crystalline silicon cells industry, silicon thin film solar cells have been weakened. Based on the unique physical and chemical properties of gold nanoscale double-cone particles and the excitation characteristics of plasmon, the reflectance spectra are simulated by finitedifference time-domain method. The results show that in the wavelength range of 300nm-900nm, the optical reflectance of the solar cell can be effectively reduced by 61.25% compared with the flat structure, and the absorption rate of the solar cell can be significantly improved. The effect of particle size on the electrical characteristics of the solar cell was studied. Under the optimal conditions, the short-circuit current density (J_sc) and maximum power (P_max) of the solar cell with the gold nano double-cone particles are 9.37mA/cm² and 8.65mW/cm² , respectively, which are 37.81% and 41.57% higher than that of the flat panel cell. The photoelectric conversion efficiency η of the battery was enhanced, which was 44.2% higher than that of the flat panel battery. Combined with electric field enhancement effect, the mechanism of the enhancement of light absorption of the solar cell was explored, and the effectiveness of the plasmon effect of the gold nanopyramid structure in improving the performance of the solar cell was verified.