Association between initial continuity of care status and diabetes-related health outcomes in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A nationwide retrospective cohort study in South Korea

Abstract

Background and aim

Timely and continuous care is necessary for patients with diabetes to prevent hospitalization and complications. This study investigated the association between initial Continuity of Care Index (COCI) status after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and short- and long-term diabetes-related health outcomes.

Methods

It targeted elderly patients aged 60 years and above diagnosed with T2DM and used the National Health Insurance Service Senior cohort data from 2008 to 2019. The outcome measures were diabetic avoidable hospitalization and diabetic complication incidence for a five-year period. The main independent variable was the first-year COCI status after T2DM diagnosis. Survival analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

Participants with a good COCI status within the first year of being diagnosed with T2DM experienced a reduced risk of diabetes-induced avoidable hospitalization (five years: Hazard ratio (HR) 0.39, 95 % Confidence interval (CI) 0.27–0.57; overall period: HR 0.56, 95 % CI 0.43–0.72) and diabetic complications (five years: HR 0.74, 95 % CI 0.68–0.80; overall period: HR 0.77, 95 % CI 0.71–0.82).

Conclusions

In the short- and long-term, there is a need for early management and improved healthcare accessibility of diabetes to prevent diabetes-avoidable hospitalization and diabetes-related complications.