The genome of the toxic invasive species Heracleum sosnowskyi carries an increased number of genes despite absence of recent whole‐genome duplications

基因组 生物 基因 遗传学 基因复制 植物进化 系统发育树
作者
Mikhail I. Schelkunov,Victoria Shtratnikova,Anna V. Klepikova,Maksim Makarenko,Denis O. Omelchenko,Lyudmila A. Novikova,Ekaterina N. Obukhova,Viktor P. Bogdanov,Aleksey A. Penin,Maria D. Logacheva
出处
期刊:Plant Journal [Wiley]
卷期号:117 (2): 449-463 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1111/tpj.16500
摘要

SUMMARY Heracleum sosnowskyi , belonging to a group of giant hogweeds, is a plant with large effects on ecosystems and human health. It is an invasive species that contributes to the deterioration of grassland ecosystems. The ability of H. sosnowskyi to produce linear furanocoumarins (FCs), photosensitizing compounds, makes it very dangerous. At the same time, linear FCs are compounds with high pharmaceutical value used in skin disease therapies. Despite this high importance, it has not been the focus of genetic and genomic studies. Here, we report a chromosome‐scale assembly of Sosnowsky's hogweed genome. Genomic analysis revealed an unusually high number of genes (55106) in the hogweed genome, in contrast to the 25–35 thousand found in most plants. However, we did not find any traces of recent whole‐genome duplications not shared with its confamiliar, Daucus carota (carrot), which has approximately thirty thousand genes. The analysis of the genomic proximity of duplicated genes indicates on tandem duplications as a main reason for this increase. We performed a genome‐wide search of the genes of the FC biosynthesis pathway and surveyed their expression in aboveground plant parts. Using a combination of expression data and phylogenetic analysis, we found candidate genes for psoralen synthase and experimentally showed the activity of one of them using a heterologous yeast expression system. These findings expand our knowledge on the evolution of gene space in plants and lay a foundation for further analysis of hogweed as an invasive plant and as a source of FCs.
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