In this chapter asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones by the use of chiral catalysts is described. In the first part, the asymmetric hydrogenation of functionalized ketones including β -keto esters, α -keto esters, and α -alkoxy or amino ketones is discussed mainly in homogeneous catalytic systems. In the second part, we describe the highly stereoselective manner of the reaction with nonfunctionalized (simple) ketones. The final part of this chapter deals with the highly diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation accompanied by dynamic kinetic resolution.