The Consistence of Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI and Filter‐Exchange Imaging in Measuring Water Exchange Across the Blood–Brain Barrier in High‐Grade Glioma

Water exchange across blood-brain barrier (BBB) (WEXBBB ) is an emerging biomarker of BBB dysfunction with potential applications in many brain diseases. Several MRI methods have been proposed to measure WEXBBB , but evidence remains scarce whether different methods can produce comparable WEXBBB .To explore whether dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI and vascular water exchange imaging (VEXI) could produce comparable WEXBBB in high-grade glioma (HGG) patients.Prospective cross-sectional.13 HGG patients (58.4 ± 9.4 years, 9 females, 4 WHO III and 9 WHO IV).A 3 T, spoiled gradient-recalled-echo DCE-MRI and VEXI containing two pulsed-gradient spin-echo blocks separated by a mixing block.The enhanced tumor and contralateral normal-appearing white matter (cNAWM) volume-of-interests (VOIs) were drew by two neuroradiologists. And whole-brain NAWM and normal-appearing gray matter (NAGM) without tumor-affected regions were segmented by automated segmentation algorithm in FSL.Student's t-test was used to evaluate parameters difference between cNAWM and tumor, NAGM and NAWM, respectively. The correlation between vascular water efflux rate constant (kbo ) from DCE-MRI and apparent exchange rate across BBB (AXRBBB ) from VEXI was evaluated by Pearson correlation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Compared with cNAWM, both kbo and AXRBBB were significantly reduced in tumor (kbo = 3.50 ± 1.18 sec-1 vs. 1.03 ± 0.75 sec-1 ; AXRBBB = 3.54 ± 1.11 sec-1 vs. 1.94 ± 1.04 sec-1 ). Both kbo and AXRBBB showed significantly higher values in NAWM than NAGM (kbo = 3.50 ± 0.59 sec-1 vs. 2.10 ± 0.56 sec-1 ; AXRBBB = 3.35 ± 0.77 sec-1 vs. 2.07 ± 0.52 sec-1 ). The VOI-averaged kbo and AXRBBB were also linearly correlated in tumor, NAWM, and NAGM (r = 0.59).DCE-MRI and VEXI showed comparable and correlated WEXBBB in HGG patients, suggesting that the consistence and reliability of these two MRI methods in measuring WEXBBB .2.Stage 1.