Iridium-based electrochemiluminescence systems and their application in bioanalysis

Benefiting from the long luminescent lifetime, large stokes shift and high electrochemiluminescence (ECL) efficiency, iridium-based materials are becoming a kind of promising and valuable ECL emitters. Recently, iridium-based ECL systems are widely used in bioanalysis, which has become a growing area in ECL-based biosensors. In this review, we focused on the recent progress of the iridium-based ECL system in bioanalysis. Furthermore, we summarized the strategies for the designing scheme of the iridium-based materials for the construction of ECL biosensors, including various iridium-based material compositions and different mechanism for the iridium-based ECL system. Finally, we provided the predictions in developing novel iridium-based ECL platforms and building sensitive iridium-based ECL biosensors. This review may bring valuable inspirations and opportunities for the researchers from a wide range of disciplines to design new strategies for exploring novel iridium-based ECL systems and their application in bioanalysis.