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Macrophage polarization in lymph node granulomas from cattle and pigs naturally infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

肉芽肿 巨噬细胞极化 川地163 病理 川地68 巨噬细胞 生物 牛分枝杆菌 肺结核 免疫组织化学 结核分枝杆菌 淋巴 免疫学 医学 体外 生物化学
作者
Fernanda Larenas‐Muñoz,Mohamed G. Hamed,Inés Ruedas‐Torres,José María Sánchez‐Carvajal,Javier Domı́nguez,F. J. Pallarés,L. Carrasco,I.M. Rodríguez-Gómez,J. Gómez‐Laguna
出处
期刊:Veterinary Pathology [SAGE]
标识
DOI:10.1177/03009858241231606
摘要

Tuberculosis in animals is caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC), with the tuberculous granuloma being the main characteristic lesion. The macrophage is the main cell type involved in the development of the granuloma and presents a wide plasticity ranging from polarization to classically activated or pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) or to alternatively activated or anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2). Thus, this study aimed to analyze macrophage polarization in granulomas from cattle and pig lymph nodes naturally infected with MTC. Tuberculous granulomas were microscopically categorized into four stages and a panel of myeloid cells (CD172a/calprotectin), M1 macrophage polarization (iNOS/CD68/CD107a), and M2 macrophage polarization (Arg1/CD163) markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. CD172a and calprotectin followed the same kinetics, having greater expression in late-stage granulomas in pigs. iNOS and CD68 had higher expression in cattle compared with pigs, and the expression was higher in early-stage granulomas. CD107a immunolabeling was only observed in porcine granulomas, with a higher expression in stage I granulomas. Arg1+ cells were significantly higher in pigs than in cattle, particularly in late-stage granulomas. Quantitative analysis of CD163+ cells showed similar kinetics in both species with a consistent frequency of immunolabeled cells throughout the different stages of the granuloma. Our results indicate that M1 macrophage polarization prevails in cattle during early-stage granulomas (stages I and II), whereas M2 phenotype is observed in later stages. Contrary, and mainly due to the expression of Arg1, M2 macrophage polarization is predominant in pigs in all granuloma stages.

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