Dietary carotenoids and cognitive function among US adults, NHANES 2011–2014

四分位数 认知 全国健康与营养检查调查 人口学 类胡萝卜素 体质指数 医学 老年学 民族 玉米黄质 心理学 复合维生素的 环境卫生 叶黄素 置信区间 精神科 内科学 生物 维生素 食品科学 人口 社会学 人类学
作者
Krista Christensen,Carey E. Gleason,Julie A. Mares
出处
期刊:Nutritional Neuroscience [Taylor & Francis]
卷期号:23 (7): 554-562 被引量:59
标识
DOI:10.1080/1028415x.2018.1533199
摘要

Objectives: Dietary carotenoids may limit neuronal damage from free radicals, potentially serving as a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. We examined intake of lutein and zeaxanthin (L and Z) in relation to cognitive performance among 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants aged ≥60 years.Methods: L and Z intake from foods and supplements was estimated from two non-consecutive 24-hour diet recalls. Outcomes included the CERAD Word Learning sub-test score, Animal Fluency test score, and Digit Symbol Substitution test score. Regression models were adjusted for survey design variables, year, sex, age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, family income, education, alcohol, and smoking.Results: Among the 2796 participants, higher dietary intake of L and Z was associated with higher score on each test. For example, the highest quartile of L and Z intake was associated with a 2.52 point increase (SE=0.86 points, P=0.01) on the digit symbol score test, compared with the lowest quartile. There were differences by race/ethnicity, with positive associations generally stronger for Black compared to white participants.Discussion: Further research from longitudinal studies is needed, but increasing L and Z intake may help to prevent or slow cognitive decline.
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