Resistance in ovarian cancer is driven by a range of mechanisms, some of which are therapy specific whereas others confer multidrug resistance . This review outlines our current understanding of the heterogeneous mechanisms of both primary and acquired drug resistance in high-grade serous ovarian cancer with a focus on the most common therapeutics, including platinum and taxanes. Current therapeutic strategies for overcoming resistance, including the use of non–P- glycoprotein substrate therapies, are outlined, with an emphasis on the importance of developing resistance biomarkers to guide future therapy approaches and improve patient outcomes.