Behavior and Analysis of 100 MPa Concrete Membrane Elements

Fourteen full-size reinforced panels (membrane elements) made of 100 MPa high-strength concrete were biaxially tested in the universal panel tester at the University of Houston. A new servocontrol system, newly fitted to the panel tester, allowed us to conduct strain-control tests and, for the first time, to correctly measure the three-dimensional (3-D) stress-strain curves of panels and the descending branches of the compressive stress-strain curves of concrete. The 3-D stress-strain curves provided new insights into the failure processes, and thus revealed the true stress-strain relationships of concrete and steel that were misinterpreted in the past using the conventional two-dimensional (2-D) stress-strain curves. Five 100 MPa concrete panels in this research were subjected to biaxial tension-compression. By comparing the behavior of these panels with those of 42 and 65 MPa tested previously, the writers were able to evaluate the effect of concrete strength on the constitutive laws of concrete in comp...