Novel porous aortic elastin and collagen scaffolds for tissue engineering

去细胞化 弹性蛋白 脚手架 组织工程 生物医学工程 材料科学 细胞外基质 细胞粘附 化学 粘附 病理 复合材料 医学 生物化学
作者
Qijin Lu,K. Ganesan,Dan T. Simionescu,Narendra R. Vyavahare
出处
期刊:Biomaterials [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:25 (22): 5227-5237 被引量:227
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.12.019
摘要

Decellularized vascular matrices are used as scaffolds in cardiovascular tissue engineering because they retain their natural biological composition and three-dimensional (3-D) architecture suitable for cell adhesion and proliferation. However, cell infiltration and subsequent repopulation of these scaffolds was shown to be unsatisfactory due to their dense collagen and elastic fiber networks. In an attempt to create more porous structures for cell repopulation, we selectively removed matrix components from decellularized porcine aorta to obtain two types of scaffolds, namely elastin and collagen scaffolds. Histology and scanning electron microscopy examination of the two scaffolds revealed a well-oriented porous decellularized structure that maintained natural architecture of the aorta. Quantitative DNA analysis confirmed that both scaffolds were completely decellularized. Stress-strain analysis demonstrated adequate mechanical properties for both elastin and collagen scaffolds. In vitro enzyme digestion of the scaffolds suggested that they were highly biodegradable. Furthermore, the biodegradability of collagen scaffolds could be controlled by crosslinking with carbodiimides. Cell culture studies showed that fibroblasts adhered to and proliferated on the scaffold surfaces with excellent cell viability. Fibroblasts infiltrated about 120 microm into elastin scaffolds and about 40 microm into collagen scaffolds after 4 weeks of rotary cell culture. These results indicated that our novel aortic elastin and collagen matrices have the potential to serve as scaffolds for cardiovascular tissue engineering.
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