Assessment of Fallopian Tube Fimbria Patency With 4‐Dimensional Hysterosalpingo‐Contrast Sonography in Infertile Women

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of 4‐dimensional (4D) hysterosalpingo‐contrast sonography (HyCoSy) for assessing fallopian tube fimbria patency in infertile women. Methods Seventy‐seven infertile female patients with obstruction at the tubal fimbria or partial obstruction with pelvic adhesions were included. All of the patients underwent 4D HyCoSy enhanced by dynamic observation after a flush of normal saline and were followed with laparoscopic chromopertubation using methylene blue within 6 months. Results The overall accordance between 4D HyCoSy and laparoscopic chromopertubation was 92.9%. The sensitivity and specificity of 4D HyCoSy with laparoscopic chromopertubation as a reference standard were 93.8% and 92.2%, respectively. Conclusions Four‐dimensional HyCoSy can be the preferred method for assessment of tubal fimbria patency and pelvic adhesions surrounding the ovaries, with its advantages of accuracy, noninvasiveness, and a good safety profile.