Nonstarch Polysaccharides and Oligosaccharides in Swine Nutrition

I. What Are Nonstarch Polysaccharides and Oligosaccharides? II. How Are Nonstarch Polysaccharides Quantified? III. How Are Oligosaccharides Quantified? IV. What are the Nonstarch Polysaccharide and Oligosaccharide Concentrations of Selected Ingredients in Swine Feeds? V. Digestion of Nonstarch Polysaccharides and Oligosaccharides by Swine A. Effects of Nonstarch Polysaccharides on Gastrointestinal Tract Characteristics B. Effects of Nonstarch Polysaccharides on Gastric Emptying and Rate of Passage C. Fermentation of Nonstarch Polysaccharides and Oligosaccharides in the Swine Gastrointestinal Tract D. Energy Value of VFA VI. Nonstarch Polysaccharide and Oligosaccharide Effects on Dietary Nutrient Metabolism A. Glucose B. Lipids C. Protein D. Minerals VII. Nonstarch Polysaccharide Effects on Growth Performance and Body Composition of Growing Swine VIII. Nonstarch Polysaccharide Interactions with Ambient Temperature IX. Nonstarch Polysaccharide Interactions with Antibiotics X. Nonstarch Polysaccharide and Oligosaccharide Effects on Health of Swine XI. Nonstarch Polysaccharide Effects on Sows A. Effects of Nonstarch Polysaccharides on Reproductive Performance B. Effects of Nonstarch Polysaccharide Source on Reproductive Performance C. Effects of Nonstarch Polysaccharides on Sow Behavior XII. Practical Considerations in Feeding Nonstarch Polysaccharides A. Diet Formulation and Feeding Management B. Possible Physical Limitations to Feeding High-Nonstarch Polysaccharide Diets XIII. Effects of Nonstarch Polysaccharides on Ammonia Emission XIV. Summary References