The stability number as a metric for electrocatalyst stability benchmarking

贵金属 溶解 电解 氧化物 电解水 无定形固体 材料科学 催化作用 电催化剂 无机化学 电解质 化学工程 金属 化学 工程类 冶金 物理化学 电极 有机化学 生物化学 电化学
作者
Simon Geiger,Olga Kasian,Marc Ledendecker,Enrico Pizzutilo,Andrea M. Mingers,W.T. Fu,Oscar Díaz‐Morales,Zhizhong Li,Tobias Oellers,L. Früchter,Alfred Ludwig,Karl J. J. Mayrhofer,Marc T. M. Koper,Serhiy Cherevko
出处
期刊:Nature Catalysis [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:1 (7): 508-515 被引量:771
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41929-018-0085-6
摘要

Reducing the noble metal loading and increasing the specific activity of the oxygen evolution catalysts are omnipresent challenges in proton-exchange-membrane water electrolysis, which have recently been tackled by utilizing mixed oxides of noble and non-noble elements. However, proper verification of the stability of these materials is still pending. Here we introduce a metric to explore the dissolution processes of various iridium-based oxides, defined as the ratio between the amounts of evolved oxygen and dissolved iridium. The so-called stability number is independent of loading, surface area or involved active sites and provides a reasonable comparison of diverse materials with respect to stability. The case study on iridium-based perovskites shows that leaching of the non-noble elements in mixed oxides leads to the formation of highly active amorphous iridium oxide, the instability of which is explained by the generation of short-lived vacancies that favour dissolution. These insights are meant to guide further research, which should be devoted to increasing the utilization of highly durable pure crystalline iridium oxide and finding solutions to stabilize amorphous iridium oxides. The proper verification of the stability of metal oxide catalysts for water electrolysis in acid electrolyte remains unresolved. Here, the ‘stability number’ is introduced to evaluate the dissolution mechanisms of various iridium-based oxides and to facilitate benchmarking of catalysts independent of loading, surface area or involved active sites.
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